In Parts 1 and 2, I looked at a recent article by Stephen Lendman concerning a recent “re-proclamation” by Russell Means of the “Republic of Lakotah” and the various things wrong with both Lendman’s report and Means’ claims.
The article made a series of claims I want to look at now. Lakota, particularly the Oglala (of Pine Ridge) and Sicangu (Rosebud or Upper Brule) that I am personally most familiar with, are in very bad straits, but so are the Dakota and others. But misrepresentations on this scale do no LEGITIMATE cause any good.
Here I pick up in Lendman’s column:
He [Means] cited longstanding problems and grievances. They include land theft, resource plunder, poverty, unemployment, repression, and overall human depravation[sic]. All of it remains out of sight and mind.
The Republic of Lakota described ongoing genocide as follows:
I don’t know whether the claims made are Russell Means’ or Stephen Lendman’s or from someone else. It doesn’t matter: they are used to support Means’ agenda, and Lendman’s. Let us look at these.
(1) Mortality
Life expectancy for Lakota men is less than 44 years. It’s the lowest of all sovereign countries. It’s the highest in America. Infant mortality is threefold higher than the US average. Diseases are a major problem. “Cancer is now at epidemic proportions.”
Teenage suicide is150% higher than America’s average. One-fourth of Lakota children are fostered or adopted by non-Native people. Doing so destroys their identity and culture. Ward Churchill calls it killing the Indian, saving the man.
(1) Mortality: I do not disagree that many Lakota die young, that many diseases are epidemic, and that it is a serious problem. But cancer is epidemic in the entire nation. As is suicide. It is not germane. The statistics may be disputed because it is hard to track data, due to the dispersal of much of the population. On the rez, too many people die too young.
And today, to quote an Oglala Lakota friend, in South Dakota reservations, “death is a growth industry.” The WW2 generation is dying off, but so are the young people, and the baby-boomers. Only the high birth rate keeps the population growing. Disease, alcoholism, drugs, old age, and more kills people.
But the thing that needs to be asked is WHY? For 130 years, the Lakota have been living in a socialist paradise, and like ALL socialist paradises, it is a distopia – racism may be or have been a factor, but it is a smothering nanny government with “free” one-payer, one-provider health care that has resulted in this.
Teenage suicide? Why? Hopelessness, incest and other abuse, peer pressure, gangs, government-run education ALL can be identified as key causes: none are unique to Lakota but all lead to this. Nationally, teen suicide is way, way up: many have speculated on the causes. In any case, if the usual pampered and coddled teens are killing themselves in record numbers, is it any wonder that those seemingly trapped on reservations are doing so as well?
As for the one-quarter of Lakota children fostered outside the tribes? It is that or more, but the question is why?
First, it is because the average family on the rez IS dysfunctional: the father (if known and around) is a downwardly-spiraling alcoholic, the mother is nearly the same, without employment or prospects for a job; The other children are as much abusers as the parents and other relatives, and frequently victims of fetal alcohol syndrome. This is “normal.”
Second, the drive is ALWAYS to place a child with a family of the same tribe or a related tribe, but that is not possible when the only available families have the same problems as the home from which the child is “rescued.” I am not saying that every family is like that – but enough are. There are families with mothers and fathers and grandmothers (yes, and grandfathers), that all have jobs (or retirement income) and have nice houses: but they are often already supporting their own immediate blood relatives: nieces and nephews and cousins and sometimes grandchildren. They cannot take any more, whether the state or tribes pays for the support or not.
Third, many of the foster families ARE not enrolled in the tribe, but live on or near the reservation, and try to help the children keep (or gain) their cultural heritage, and honor their oyate and relatives and history of their people.
Fourth, there are a LOT of Lakota children: fully half the population on Pine Ridge is under 21: it is difficult to find enough homes in the Dakotas, which aren’t the biggest states in the land.
Fifth, many of the children are fostered when taken away from families that are NOT on the reservation, but instead have moved to cities like Rapid City or Sioux Falls or Denver or Omaha or Minneapolis. Again, why this situation? Government: federal and tribal (yes, and state, as well).
Sixth, fostering children ON the reservation does not remove them from most of the threats to them: the gangs in schools, the close-by relatives of dysfunctional families, and the peer pressures. All too often, the fostered children are so incredibly dysfunctional that their foster homes and the community in which they are fostered still must receive treatment as the most “at-risk” of any child in the community. Those issues take priority: cultural orientation and preservation take a backseat – especially when it seems obvious to many of the providers that it is the culture (that of 2012, NOT that of 1642 or 1776 or 1880) that has failed the child.
(2) Disease
Tuberculosis is 800% higher than America’s average. Cervical cancer is fivefold higher. Diabetes is eight times the national average. The Federal Commodity Food Program provides high-sugar foods. They contribute to poor health.
(2) Disease: Yes, which is one reason WHY mortality is so high, AND growing – and will continue to grow. Once more, they refuse to see the obvious: government is to blame. Why? First, the commodity foods are part of the treaty obligations of the US government, or at least that is assumed. But commodity foods are dairy and carbohydrates: grains – flour and rice and such. Not much meat. There are a lot of Lakota children (39% of the population of Shannon County), and most go to school. A school lunch of 750 calories of fruits and vegetables is NOT what a typical Lakota child needs, based on their genetic heritage. Why? Carbs were a very small part of a normal Lakota diet before the 1870s (about eight generations back): they were meat eaters, with a variety of wild fruits and vegetables to supplement, and a trade in coffee and corn for meal and such. But the government is getting by on the cheap: they are already paying for the commodities, and so that is what is provided. When food stamps (SNAP) are substituted for the actual commodities, people buy what is relatively cheap and filling – not healthy – and what they’ve been eating for the last century-plus. Although beef is raised locally, there isn’t a lot of meat-processing done locally. And these folks are products of government schools: they don’t know how to butcher a beef (or even a deer or elk) or how to grow a garden or even cook – same as the rest of the nation: microwave “cooking” of prepared foods. This comes as no surprise, and government – government-run schools, government welfare, government regulations – all are to blame.
(3) Poverty
Annual median income is $2,600 – $3,500. Poverty affects 97% of Lakotans. [I don’t know what a Lakotan is – if it is not a typo perhaps it is a jelly or cream-filled donut of some kind (just like “ein Berliner” is a jelly donut but “Berliner” is a citizen of that city). He means “Lakota.”] Many families can’t afford essentials most people take for granted. In winter, many use ovens for heat. Simple luxuries are unheard of. Life is hard, merciless, punishing, and unrelenting.
(3) Poverty. Yeah, there is a lot of it. Both numbers are exaggerated, however. There are a fair number of wealthy Lakota, even those living on the reservations. Many are well-paid civil servants (tribal and federal), there are teachers and professors, there are medical personnel and technicians. And some are successful in private business: contractors, store owners, managers, morticians, druggists, and all the other professions and jobs in any American city or town. I’d go with 90%, but not with 97%. And median income is low, but not THAT low: not when you count ALL kinds of income, including all the welfare freebies and such. And not even when you DO NOT count that: US Census says that per-capita CASH income is $7772/year in Shannon County (which is more than half of Pine Ridge Reservation and the OST), average for 2006 to 2010. That is only one-quarter of South Dakota’s average, but well over twice Lendman’s/Means’ bogus numbers.
If they use ovens for heat, then SOMEone is paying their electric or propane bill – and that is income. Yes, I know some who have – but this makes it sound like 97% are. And as for simple luxuries? That is in the eye of the beholder: television, videos, cars, cell phones, MP3 players, and many other things are present, even if not everyone has them. But I won’t argue that for a lot of people, life is “hard, merciless, punishing, and unrelenting.” In a recent interview of a dozen young (20-25 year old) Oglala workers, only THREE had a driver’s license. But for many of them it was because young as they were, they already had three or more DUI convictions. Life IS hard when you drug or drink yourself – or when you are born crippled because your parents did that.
And life is even harder when you are living in a socialist paradise that has, in essence, been a satellite of a major power for 130 years, with socialism and despotism the rule of the day: think East Germany but for three times as long!
(4) Unemployment
It’s 80% or higher. Government corruption, cronyism, and indifference destroy normal living opportunities.
(4) Unemployment. While certainly right about government, and about unemployment, the question that Lendman (and Means) don’t even ask is “how does government create this problem?” And once again, their stats don’t match, even if you find the US Census Bureau data suspect (as I do): Shannon County has 14,000 people, of which 1,800 are in private, non-farm employment. This apparently includes 385 “non-employer” establishments, which apparently means sole proprietors who have no official employees – just the owners. But this does NOT include public employees: according to city-data.com, 55% of all employment in Shannon County is GOVERNMENT – so if there are 1,800 (39%) private, then there are about 2,500 government employees, and that means 4,300 or so out of 14,000 – which is incredibly low (about 69%), but NOT 80%. (Of course, since government statistics are designed by current and past administrations to lie, virtually none of these unemployed COUNT against state or federal numbers, since they are not “in the workforce.”)
But, like for the Federal Executive Branch and Congress, the truth isn’t good enough for Lendman and Means: they have to lie about it. Of course, for those of us who think government is, in essence, (being polite here) a scam we are down to about 85% unemployment. And in some places, that is the case: Wounded Knee District with somewhere between 3,000 and 6,000 residents, had exactly 41 private-sector jobs last year. Including ranchers.
And Lendman and Means are absolutely right that government corruption, crony-ism, and indifference are big factors, but what Lendman and Means propose is MORE government. They want to create a third-world country right here – not just LIKE a third-world but another one; where the corruption and crony-ism and indifference will be magnitudes greater.
(5) Housing
In winter, elderly people die from hypothermia. They freeze to death for lack of heat. One-third of homes lack clean water and sewage. About 40% have no electricity. About 60% of families have no telephone.
Another 60% of homes are infected with potentially fatal black molds. On average, 17 people reside in each household. Many have two to three rooms. Some homes built for six to eight people have up to 30 in them.
(5) Housing. Yes, these things happen. Here and in Chicago and Baltimore. These statistics are, at best, out-dated. Though still poor – dirt, grinding poor – by American standards, there are vast government bureaucracies which work (however inefficiently) to prevent and fix these things – and thereby add to the corruption and the crony-ism. Again, suspect Census data says that there are 3,628 housing units (as of 2011); numbers more likely to be accurate than actual population data. And there are supposedly 14,000 people. Let us say that there are really twice as many: 28,000 (I’d argue for a number of about 25,000 myself). That is just under 8 people per household: still a LOT of people, but far from “17.” Especially when 39% are under age 18.
Billions of dollars are spent to provide these services – and wasted, or at least foolishly spent. Example: Red Shirt is a village of the Oglala on the northwest corner of Pine Ridge Reservation, on the banks of the Cheyenne River. The water in that river flows to the Missouri and downstream where some of it is captured by a multimillion dollar pumping and treatment plant which pushes that water back up about 200 miles of the Mni Wiconi (Water of Life) Project to – among many other places, the several dozen homes of Red Shirt village and its school. Huge waste water treatment plants and hundreds of septic systems are built and replaced each year. Tribal governments (with federal dollars) provide free firewood, free propane, and subsidize electrical bills every year. Free cell phones (“Commod” or commodity cell phones) are provided to many of them, as cell phone towers are constructed in more and more places. There are certainly many overcrowded and jam-packed houses (reminding you of the stories of post-Revolutionary Russia), but hundreds are built each year. And the kids keep filling them.
Even if they have to use ovens, even if they are overcrowded, go to Mexico and see what they live in. Go to Kenya or Somalia or even Pakistan or Syria. Honduras or Panama.
But all these statistics make Means and Lendman look good: if it bleeds, it leads. The question that they don’t answer, because they don’t even ask, is WHY? Once more, the answer is government. And THEIR answer is MORE GOVERNMENT? Please.
(6) Drugs and Alcohol
Over half of adults battle addiction and disease. Alcoholism affects 90% of families. Two known methamphetamine labs operate. Authorities haven’t closed them.
(6) Drugs and alcohol. Just two meth labs? Give me a break: I suspect that in the nine South Dakota reservations alone (of which five are officially “Lakota”) there are at least a dozen. Of course, authorities have not been able to close the several dozen which exist in the rest of South Dakota either: the war on some drugs pushes ever more out into the rural areas, while technology makes these obsolete. But the meth labs have little to do with the addictions that plague the people.
Every family, Lakota or outlander or Anglo, on the reservations is affected by alcoholism and drug use – if not by the actual sellers and users, then by the side-effects. But alcohol and drugs are something that we ALWAYS have with us: every culture, every society, throughout history has had drugs and alcohol or something very much like it. But it is only societies under enormous stress that have this kind of addiction problem, either hidden or (as here) on the surface. Rome, Azteca, Soviet Russia, Nazi Germany, the Arab nations. While there are many causes of stress, the most common is tyranny – government is again the key problem here. For ten generations, starting in the 1850’s, the Lakota have been under direct pressure from the United States; for eight generations, from the 1880’s, the Lakota have been directly under the thumbs of worse than soldiers – government bureaucrats. The drinking and now the drugs are one of the methods of escape.
(7) Incarceration
Indian children imprisonment exceed whites by 40%. Native People comprise 2% of South Dakota’s population. They account for 21% of those imprisoned.
Indians have the second highest state prison incarceration rate in America. Most live on federal reservations. Less than 2% are where states have jurisdiction.
(7) Incarceration. Yes, there are a lot of AmerInd, not just Lakota and Nakota and Dakota, who are imprisoned. As there are a lot of blacks and hispanics and immigrants in prison. As there are a LOT of Americans in prison. Too many, and for too many BAD reasons. Some of those reasons (drug-related crime, for example) are stupid. It is and should be a sore point.
But again, Lendman (and Means, or wherever these “statistics” come from) aren’t content with the truth. No, they have to lie about it. Keeping in mind that Lendman and Means may be playing with the definition of “Native People” (discussed in Part 2), according to census data and other sources, 12% – TWELVE PERCENT – of South Dakotans are AmerInd: the vast majority of them enrolled members in one of the nine Ahkota tribes which have some or all their reservation in South Dakota. Not 2% but 12%. And that is if the census figures are actually not too low – which many of us think they are. It could be close to 20%. So for tribal members to account for 21% of the imprisoned population is really NOT that high, given all the problems on the reservations and the dysfunctional situation of so many Lakota and others.
They aren’t content with just one lie, though: they proceed to use “statistics” to whinge even more. MOST AmerInd do NOT live on Federal Reservations – like most Americans, they are living in cities and traveling outside the reservations. This 2% number (unless we are talking the Means-Lendman definition of who is “Native People”) is not supported by anything that I can find. Large numbers of Lakota live outside their five traditional reservations: they are found in larger cities (by my definition, not federal definition) like Rapid City and Sioux Falls and Pierre and Aberdeen and Omaha and Lincoln; and they are found in smaller towns near the Rez, like Valentine (NE) and Chadron (NE) and Murdo (SD) and elsewhere. Many crimes committed by AmerInd are committed in those areas, where all too often they are part of an underclass. And even on the reservation, with tribal courts or federal jurisdiction, there are a lot of things that aren’t crimes elsewhere: like bootlegging on the Pine Ridge Reservation, where alcohol is illegal.
Lendman and Means want us to believe the incarceration rate is due to racism. The truth is, a combination of factors, just as with blacks and hispanics, accounts for this. It doesn’t make it right – NO one belongs in jail for smoking pot. And the underlying truth is that government for the last 130+ years is to blame for the conditions that lead to criminal activities, conviction, and incarceration.
(8) Culture
It’s threatened with extinction. It’s federal policy to destroy it. Only 14% of Lakotans speak their language. It’s not shared inter-generationally.
The average fluent Lakotan speaker is 65 years old. In another generation or less, perhaps few or none will remain. Lakotan language skills aren’t allowed or taught in US government schools. Nor is much of anything about native history and culture. America wants it destroyed and forgotten.
(8) Culture. I agree that Lakota culture is threatened. I disagree that it is federal policy to destroy it. It WAS federal policy, once upon a time, but it hasn’t been for the last 30+ years: official OR unofficial. Indeed, tens of millions of dollars of money is spent by federal agencies to “preserve” the culture (although their idea of preservation is sometimes more akin to taxidermy than conservation). But the rest of the claims by Lendman (and I assume it is his claim, since we see that strange word “Lakotan” used again) are phony. The number of Lakota (that is, enrolled members of the five tribes) who speak Lakota has been growing for a generation or more, BECAUSE of efforts to preserve the language and to teach the young. It IS being “shared inter-generationally.” I’ve seen such classes and heard the results in young people from 5 to 25, in person. Fluency is, of course, a matter of opinion, but I know many Lakota who are in their 70s and 80s who do NOT speak more than a handful of words in “Injun” (a term used by one of those people – not MY word). But their children, grandchildren, great-grandchildren and great-great-grandchildren DO.
It is absolutely FALSE that Lakota (NOT “Lakotan”) language skills and native culture and native history are NOT taught in “US government schools.” They are taught, DAILY, in schools (whether BIA Education or Tribal schools (supported mostly by US government dollars) or “Public” schools (supported by US government dollars AND local property taxes) on Pine Ridge, the Rosebud, Crow Creek Reservation, to my personal knowledge in the last ten years, and presumably in other schools on and near other reservations. I also know, personally, that both Navajo (Dineh) and Ute (Numu) language, culture, and history are taught in many schools (again, BIA, tribal, and public) in and around the Navajo, Ute Mountain, and Southern Ute Reservations. Yes, it was not the case decades ago, but this claim today is a bald-faced lie. Here are some pictures to show what I mean. These are at Rockyford School, where a major expansion of the school was dedicated by Shannon County School District (in August 2012), with guests including state and federal officials (one governor, one senator, and more bureaucrats than you can shake a fist at – I know, I was there because several close friends of mine were the engineers and architects that designed and built the place. The building was designed to encourage and promote Oglala Lakota culture in every way possible, and the teachers (regardless of race or cultural background) lay it one with a heavy trowel.
This grandiose entrance features traditional Lakota shapes and colors.
This is the Legends Room, where Lakota traditions (including Traditional Religion and Science) are taught.
My own son is a graduate of Shannon County Virtual High School, in 2010. He (we) are NOT Lakota, and he was one of seven graduates. But the Lakota customs and traditions followed in the ceremony were so intensive and dominant that many of the non-Lakota present, including in-laws of families with graduates, felt very out-of-place. But this is a “US Government” school. I’m not saying Means didn’t grow up in much worse conditions (vis-a-vis Lakota language and culture in schools) but it is NOT true today.
In summary, although the problems are real, the lies that Lendman and Means tell about the problems discredit them, and make it harder for legitimate representatives of the communities to do what could be done. It shows Lendman and Means up for the fakes that they are.
In Part Four, I’ll look at the rest of the article by Lendman, and wrap this all up.
The Republic of Lakotah – Why? (Part 4)
This is the fourth part of my review of Stephen Lendman’s article about Russell Means’ re-proclamation of the “Republic of Lakota.”
As I was writing this, the unexpected (though not surprising) occurred: Russell Means (Oyate Wacinyapin) died at age 72 near Porcupine, Oglala Sioux Tribe (Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, South Dakota) early this morning, from the cancer he said he had overcome. That makes this “re–proclamation” virtually his last public act.
It is Lakota tradition not to speak ill of the dead, and I shall not do so in this article. I shall, however, judge his ideas and his claims with righteousness and honesty, and call a spade a spade. As I pointed out in the first three parts of this review, I do not know (though I may suspect) whether the words are Lendman’s or Means’ but shall point out, to the best of my ability, the truth.
In Parts 1 and 2 , I looked at a recent article by Stephen Lendman. Part 3 mostly reviewed eight broad categories of claims made concerning conditions of the Lakota nations and other AmerInd nations today. As I pointed out, while there is some substance to many of these, their advocacy is damaged by the outright lies and more subtle exaggerations which the article (and many others) is filled with. Again, Lendman’s words are in plain text, and my comments are in italics.
“Lakotan struggle began with the 1803 Louisiana Purchase. They call it “fantasy” US history. France sold America 530 million Native land acres for $15 million. Lakotans owned part of it. They and other Native people weren’t consulted.”
Actually, the Lakota “struggle” began many, MANY years before that. (That is the subject for another article.) But the trials and tribulations of ALL the Akhota peoples were well-advanced LONG before there was a United States of America, or before any but a few hardy adventurers had ventured beyond the Atlantic Seaboard. As for who owned French Louisiana, THAT is a matter of some confusion. For example, it was French (government) explorers who “found” the Black Hills first, in 1742; but the Oglala did not even reach the Missouri River (from the East) until 1760. The Lakota did not “discover” the Black Hills until 1765, when Bull Bear raided the Cheyenne, Sutaio, and Kiowa who lived in, and claimed, the Black Hills and the sea of grass around it. They would not “own” them until they conquered and drove out these other tribes more than a decade later.
“They’ve been systematically ignored and violated. From 1778 – 1871, Washington negotiated 372 treaties. Their provisions were systematically spurned.”
That is what governments DO, people: they write and break treaties. Of course, the Lakota ancestors did a fair amount of treaty breaking themselves, but I admit that they are pikers compared to the Federal Government. Whether it was “systemic” or merely opportunistic is a matter of debate.
“America’s winning the West involved invading, encroaching, stealing, and occupying their lands. That’s how imperialism works. It’s the same everywhere.”
That is true – but it is NOT just “imperialism” – it is the history of humankind, from Nimrod through Cyrus and Alexander and Augustus and Mohammed and all the rest. But for every “name” there are ten thousand nameless invaders and encroachers and stealer and occupiers who were NOT “imperialists” but the usual tribesmen and adventurers and ne’er-do-wells and such. The color of their skin is irrelevant: yellow-skinned Nipponese and sons of the Middle Kingdom, black Zulus and Tutsis and swarthy Arabs and Turks and Spaniards and blonde or redheaded pale-skinned Celts and Norse and more: few of whom carried the flags of “imperial” rulers and more often than not brought DOWN empires. They cannot paint America being so blackened in this matter, when EVERY people has done this: including many of the nations and tribes of AmerInd or “Native Americans” – including the so-called Inca, the Aztec, the Anasazi, the Iroquois Leaque, and the great tribes of the Southeast (such as the Creek and Caddo Confederacies). Indeed, it is likely one or both of those (the Iroquois and Creek) may have been the reason that the Ahkota people started moving to the northwest in the 1400 or 1500s, well before Anglo-European pressures were present.
“Throughout the 19th century (and earlier), Washington engaged in military, legal, and political battles against Native Peoples. Their rights were contemptuously denied. They were displaced and exterminated. That’s how today’s America was created.”
Hmm. This is amusing, since Washington DC did not become the capital of the United States until 1800. Although there were a few battles between the young nation and the various AmerInd nations east of the Mississippi between 1776 (also the year that the Lakota finally defeated the Cheyenne and their allies and stole the Black Hills from them), most were a direct result of alliances between various tribes and the Americans and British and Spanish (plus a few holdovers from the French). It is, as I’ve already pointed out, a common situation in history: look at the Welsh, the Highlanders, the various tribes of Eire (Ireland), the Basque, the many lost tribes of modern Switzerland and the Balkans, the Maori and Abos, and the Canaanites, among others. By the way, it is impossible to count the treaties broken over the centuries.
There is no need or time to go through all of these treaties – suffice to say it was a travesty of diplomacy, not the least of which was that the United States created bogus “governments” to even have someone to “negotiate” and sign the treaties with. The same can be said of the so-called laws – the various Acts of Congress which ignored the Constitution, basic fundamentals of liberty, and simple dignity.
“The 1851 Treaty of Fort Laramie was systematically violated. So were provisions of all other treaties. From 1866 – 1868, Washington let the Bozeman trail go through the ‘Heart of the Lakota Nation.'”
“It was a short cut to Montana’s gold fields. Military forts were built on stolen land along its route. Doing so violated 1851 treaty provisions. Battles ensued. Washington negotiated peace. The 1868 Fort Laramie Treaty followed. Native People thought they won. Victory was pyrrhic and illusory.”
“The Supreme Court’s 1883 ex parte Crow Dog decision made no difference. The Court recognized Lakotah freedom and independence. It ruled that tribes held exclusive jurisdiction over their internal affairs. It didn’t matter.”
“The transcontinental railroad facilitated development, land and resource theft.”
“In 1885, Congress passed the Major Crimes Act. It extended US jurisdiction into Lakota territory. The same year, the last of the great buffalo herds were exterminated. At one time, they numbered 60 million. Native People relied on them for food.”
“In 1887, Congress passed the General Allotment Act (the Dawes Act). It ended communal ownership of reservation lands. It distributed 160-acre “allotments” to individual Indians. Tribes lost millions of acres. Wealthy ranchers exploit them today.”
Quite a joke, that – “wealthy ranchers” by whose standards? Most American ranchers and farmers in the former Lakota lands – indeed, ALL of Russell Means’ Republic of Lakotah, are nearly as much on a reservation and with as little – indeed, LESS – liberty as their AmerInd neighbors and friends. Yes, there are some wealthy ranchers – just as there are some wealthy Lakota. (And sometimes they are the same people.)
“In 1888, Congress began prohibiting Indian Spiritual and Prayer Ceremonies. It was part of destroying Native culture. In 1891, a Commissioner of Indian Affairs was authorized. It was to assure Native People obeyed white man’s laws.”
More bogus history. While it may have had something to do with “obeying white-man’s laws,” the first Commissioner of Indian Affairs was actually appointed in 1832 – 59 years earlier. And the first AmerInd to be appointed commissioner was Ely Parker in 1869. (Ely was an engineer, a Seneca veteran of the War Between the States and a brigadier general in the Union Army. He was also an officer in the 2nd US Cavalry during the Indian Wars; and he married a Sackett. History is strange. Obviously, this little bit of information does not support the contentions of either Lendman or Means. I could not find any record of a Congressional ban on ceremonies in 1888, however; but it was about the same time that Congress once again prohibited Utah from statehood until the LDS Church (theoretically NOTHING to do with state government – wall of separation and all ) banned polygamy. “Native culture” wasn’t the only one being destroyed. (Oh, and by the way, Comanche chief Quanah Parker (a half-breed) continued to have at least five wives until his death in 1911 – long after Congress had forced the “Mormons” to give up plural wives – whose culture was being destroyed when?)
“Many more abuses followed. In Lone Wolf v. Hitchcock (1903), the Supreme Court extralegally recognized near absolute plenary congressional power over Indian affairs.”
“It let US authorities steal tribal lands and resources freely. They did so on the pretext of fulfilling federal responsibilities.”
“Doing so abrogated fundamental indigenous rights unilaterally. The ruling was used to violate hundreds of treaties. Like other Native Peoples, Lakotans were grievously harmed.”
“Their sacred Black Hills were stolen. So were valued resources on them. Lakotans want back what’s rightfully theirs. Their ancestors thought the 1868 Fort Laramie Treaty granted them victory. They were wrong.”
“Yet in 1904, even after Lone Wolf v. Hitchcock, some believed the Treaty was ‘the only instance in the history of the United States where the government has gone to war and afterwards negotiated a peace conceding everything demanded by the enemy and exacting nothing in return.'”
“Until the 1924 Indian Citizenship Act, Native People got what no one had the right to deny them in the first place. In fact, rights afforded them nominally never existed in fact.”
Again, this is only part of the tale. There are many (like Ely Parker and Stand Watie and Quanah Parker (no relation to Ely) and tens of thousands who DID vote and own property and exercise all the other rights of American citizens. But to do so, they gave up the bribes and all the rest that Congress so “generously” bestowed on them in treaties and laws. Unlike too many, who allowed themselves to be cozened into selling their liberty. The 1924 Act is one of several early acts creating so-called “group” rights instead of individual rights. (By the way, it should also be pointed out that the FIRST “Native American” US Representative and Senator, Charles Curtis of Kansas (Kaw, Osage and Pottawatomie) was first elected to Congress in 1892 (and five more times), and was then elected at least three times to the Senate from Kansas BEFORE this 1924 act passed. But perhaps that helped him get elected as Vice President of the United States in 1928.
“The entire history of Native People in America reflects horrific struggles lost. From 1492 to today, they experienced promises made and broken. Disenfranchized [sic] people remain. Most are bereft of hope.”
To be expected, when they put their hope in government. At the same time, millions more are NOT enrolled (or don’t bother to tell people that they are) and able to live normal lives, fighting for their liberty along with the rest of us. It is those trapped on reservations or in Indian communities in the big urban areas (little more than extensions of reservations, whether we are talking Rapid City or Pierre or Minneapolis-Saint Paul or Denver or Los Angeles) that are MORE disenfranchised than the other 300 million of us. And we have ALL experienced horrific losses and broken promises: not just AmerInd or blacks or Asians but Southerners and Westerners and the sons and daughters of Volga Germans and Danes and Scots and more.
“On reservations or assimilated, they’re out of sight and mind. Once they lived peacefully on their own land. White settlers changed things. Western civilization destroyed their way of life. There’s nothing civilized about it.”
Now we are back in “Lo, the poor Indian” maudlin weeping. For most (not all, by any means, but especially for all the Ahkota and virtually all the Plains and most of the nomadic Southwestern tribes: Cheyenne, Blackfoot, Shoshone, Comanche, all the Apache, Kiowa, and many more, WARFARE was THE essential part of life: there was no “lived peacefully on their own land.” Centuries, if not millennia, of warfare, of fighting over hunting land and then grazing land, water, cropland, sacred lands, sources of stone and metal, are the heritage of AmerInd, as they are of Scots and Irish and English and German and Vietnamese and African Americans. White settlers changed a lot, but they did not introduce warfare to a peaceful and loving people. As for civilization – well, that too is what civilizations do: they destroy other cultures: the Romans destroyed Carthage – and its civilization. They destroyed Syria and Egypt and THEIR civilizations. They destroyed the Celts and the British and the proto-civilizations of Britain and Gaul and Iberia. Just as the Maya and the Aztec destroyed the tribes (nations) of most of MesoAmerica and their civilizations, and Chinese and Japanese did to Koreans and Taiwanese and Vietnamese, and Mongols and Muslims did the nations and civilizations of India. This is NOT new and NOT unique, however wrong it may be.
“They’re either ignored, mocked, or demonized in films and society. They’re called drunks, beasts, primitives, and savages. America always was a white supremacist society.”
Are we not here talking about the Media? Hollywood? Are they less to blame than Congress? Means has been part of THIS little niche of “civilization” for decades. But again, AmerInd are not alone: we can add MANY various groups of Americans and others who have been subject to this sort of thing – and MANY of them were predominantly or completely white: Southerners, German-Americans, Japanese-Americans, Chinese-Americans, LDS (Mormons), and on and on and on. America is a “supremist” society, but color is just one way of keeping count.
“Rich powerful elites run it. Native People and most others don’t matter. They’re systematically used and abused. They’re not served. It’s the American way.”
Aha! At last “most others” are mentioned. If we are to beat on America, we must then beat on the rest of the world even more. Can you name ONE NATION on this planet where there is not strong evidence that “rich powerful elites” are in charge? Where too many people, whether they are nine-year-old girls or two-month-old babies or eighty-year-old elders, are NOT used and abused?
Thus ends Lindman’s tirade, but I am not yet done with my rant.
Russell proposes a solution that history has shown is NOT a solution: to create another government, a government built on the same lies as the government it is seceding from. (Lies such as “treaty rights” and “group rights” and “the world owes me a living.”) He wants to do what a hundred different countries in Africa and Latin America did: throw off their “colonial oppressors” in favor of “homegrown” oppressors. Because Lakota land was once stolen, he thinks that the Creator has given him a right to steal the land of other people. Because Lakota were (and are) abused and neglected and mistreated and used, he figures that it is someone else’s turn to be abused: the 95% Non-Lakota and the 90% Non-AmerInd of his would-be Republic.
Lendman wants America’s evil to go away, and I think he may understand that when that happens, America’s good will ALSO go away. Too many nations have little BUT evil, and their good (which I shall presume to assume that all have something of) is not even close to balancing the evil. Even in the blood-soaked history of the United States, there was a lot of good. Compare it to the final defeat of Carthage, the subjugation of New Spain, conquest of the Russian steppes, or even the pacification of Ireland to see that the process and results could have been much worse. Consider the Final Solution of the 1940s or the Ugandan experiments of the 1970s. Or the Balkans of the 1990s. For that matter, consider the Modoc or the Seminole or the California coastal tribes as compared to the Lakota for examples of even more evil outcomes.
The Republic of Lakotah is stillborn. The only hope for such a nation is found in the complete collapse of the United States AND anything resembling a major power in the rest of the world, for otherwise, the Lakota are likely to exchange one elite for another – and one not constrained by “treaty rights.” Perhaps in a sufficiently protracted war between the states or civil war something (much MUCH smaller than Means’ dream) might find a niche, but Pine Ridge and Rosebud are neither the Alps nor the mountains of Ararat or the Himalayas. Indeed, they are better tank country than the North European Plain. And by even raising a peaceful flag of rebellion, Means may have sealed the death warrant for his people, by making it expedient to ensure that they do NOT try to rebel against whichever faction in the civil war holds the territory and surrounding area.
Sadly, Lendman and Means seem to belong to that group of people who are so smitten with the magic of words and legal actions that they believe someone will just roll over and play dead. Just as those who know that just the right words will save them from ever paying income tax, or get real silver for paper money at face value, or get rid of lawyers, they keep on coming up with more ideas that just don’t work.
It is really so much more simple than Lendman or Means imply. Liberty requires that those who enjoy it or want it must be able to defend themselves and their liberties, on an individual basis, in voluntary cooperation with others – not because they are all members of the same tribe by ancestry, or because they have the same skin color (not that THAT is an issue any more for any of the Lakota nations) or because their ancestors were slaves (or slavers) or spoke the same language. Liberty is given of God, but He expects man to defend it and take it back when it is stolen. But that defense has to be done in the right way, with honor and truth, and not with lies, taking freedom away from someone else. In that, perhaps, Russell Means has been most cruelly betrayed by that Western Civilization that he and Lendman so despise and condemn, because that is the false liberty of ancient Greece and Rome: that SOME people must be slaves so that others can be free.
It is time to look ahead to individual liberty and freedom and justice for all because we ARE free. I have no doubt that one day there may be a REAL “Republic of Lakota” (or better yet, “Oyate Wolakota Lakota” – United Lakota Nation) with little or no government except that of voluntary cooperation between free people regardless of heritage or any other characteristics – but it will come from people working together for liberty and not because some would-be messiahs claim that they represent the ancestors or anyone else with the intent of lording it over others and paying back past misdeeds.